The causes of the headache, the numbness of the fingers, tingling in the heart should sometimes not be sought instead of their location, but in the neck.The osteochondrosis of this department affects the condition of the head and the waist of the shoulder, as well as the organs of these areas.
This is a distribution disease of connective intervertebral discs that serve as shock absorbers in the spine.Depending on the level and volume of the lesion, appropriate symptoms are developed.
The department of Cervical is the most mobile and vulnerable section of the spine.The influence of adverse factors leads to a violation of cartilage nutrition, the thinning of the discs, the formation of a hernia or the growth of the bone tissue.The nerve roots are squeezed, blood flow is altered in the periodports.
Reasons
The factors that can lead to osteochondrosis are very diverse:
- a sedentary lifestyle, the lack of training for the muscle observation apparatus;
- Long forced poses with greater charge of the neck - sedentary work with an arched head;
- neck injuries;
- Metabolic violation;
- Sillow and mattress selected incorrectly;
- obesity;
- Systemic connective tissue diseases;
- Hereditary predisposition.
The following causes have a direct impact on the development of disease symptoms:
- The displacement of the intervertebral disc develops quite rarely, but this condition leads to the development of paralysis;
- The reduction in the height of the disc: the flattening leads to a decrease in the diameter of the intervertebral hole, as a result of which the roots of the nerves are squeezed;
- The hernia of the intervertebral discs is a protrusion that can squeeze the root;
- Osteophytes are located on the sides of the vertebral bodies, irritate the adjacent muscles, cause their edema, increase the tone, which increases the load on the disc and leads to a decrease in its height.If the growth is directed to the vertebral channel, this will cause their narrowing.
Symptoms of the disease
Cervical osteochondrosis is characterized by a group of symptoms in the syndromes, which determine the clinical manifestations and complaints of patients.
Vertebral syndrome
The manifestations of the signs are associated with the state of the bone or the cartilage tissue of the vertebrae.To accurately diagnose this syndrome, all your symptoms must be present:
- change in mobility in the cervical region;
- pain during movement;
- Violation of the morphological structure of discs and vertebral bodies.
The absence of one of the signs allows you to suspect another disease with similar symptoms.A decrease in mobility is observed without changes in morphology with myositis: muscle damage.Pain is characteristic of many other diseases.
Vertebral artery syndrome
Symptoms that form it as follows:
- Compression of the artery and blood flow deteriorated in its trunk, which leads to dizziness, noise in the ears, fluctuations in blood pressure, nausea or vomiting;
- The irritation of the nerve processes of the artery is manifested by a severe headache due to the type of migraine, a decrease in sensitivity, numbness, flickering of "flies" before the eyes, a temporary decrease in vision;
- The hypoxia of the brain, or the hunger of oxygen, is expressed through a decrease in performance, fainting, lethargy, drowsiness, worsening of attention, in severe cases even depression.
The lesion of the vertebral artery is reduced by the blood supply to the corresponding parts of the brain.But this syndrome can be observed with other pathologies: atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels, compression of their growing tumors, inflamed tissues.
Cardial syndrome
The appearance of signs of angina pectoris, the pain in the heart does not always indicate the pathology of this organ.These can be signs of osteochondrosis of the cervical region, which include:
- Loaded pain;
- Difficulty breathing;
- Fast fatigue and weakness.
In this situation, the exclusion method acts: the diagnosis of heart disease is carried out using an ECG, as a result of which there are no characteristic changes of angina pectoris.There is no atherosclerotic narrowing of arteries about angiography.
Syndrome
These symptoms have a manifestation on the one hand and are associated with the damage to the roots of the corresponding spinal nerve pair.Characterized by pain, paralysis or paresis, altered sensitivity on the corresponding side.
The first and second roots are characterized by pain or numbness in the occipital region.The third pair is manifested by numbness and a sense of bursting of the tongue, the difficulty of swallowing and chewing the deteriorated sensitivity behind the sinks of the ear.
The compression of 4 pairs leads to hypo, pain in the clan and in the throat when swallowing.The fifth torque is expressed in the limitation of movement on the shoulders, sixth pain and numbness in shoulder blades and forearms.
The seventh cause numbness in the hands, more often in the index and the middle fingers, the eighth paresis and the deteriorated sensitivity on the ring finger and the little finger.
The pathological process is rarely limited to a couple of nerve roots, often several are affected at the same time, which confuses the clinical image and leads to diagnosis difficulties.
The lack of treatment or incorrect selection of the methodology can lead to complications in the form of hernial protrusion, breakdown of the disc and an acute displacement of the vertebra, which can end with disabilities or death.
Diagnosis
The justification of the diagnosis is possible after conducting an X -ray study in direct and lateral projection.In the images, a decrease in the height of the disk, the narrowing of intervertebral opening and pathological bone growths are clearly notable.
Treatment
When diagnosed, the symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis of home treatment can occur if patients follow the prescribed scheme and not a complicated course of the disease.
Modern medicine offers several therapy areas:
Medication>
Taking certain groups of medications aims to eliminate the symptoms of the disease, improving cartilage nutrition, antioxidant protection.
After appropriate diagnosis, the doctor will determine how to treat drug treatment for cervical osteochondrosis, cannot be prescribed.
The following drug groups are used:
- Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory.They eliminate pain and inflammation, reduce proliferative processes.The preparations for this group can be prescribed in tablets, but in the acute period, the intramuscular administration is possible.It is not recommended to use them for a long time, receive maximum doses for more than a week leads to the development of ulcers that are not stomach, it causes toxic liver damage.
- Condroprotectors begin to use from the moment the diagnosis is installed.The manifestation of its effect should be very long.
- This applies to a greater extent the tablet forms and capsules for oral administration.Injected medications are prescribed courses, their effect manifests faster.They contain glucosamine, which affects metabolism in the cartilage, and chondroitin, which slows down the destruction of the disk.There are natural condoprotectors: these are gelatin dishes: gelatin, gelatin and fish.
- Vasodilatory drugs eliminate vascular spasm, improve blood flow in the muscles and help reduce inflammation.
- The diuretics are used when the symptoms of exacerbation of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column appear.The treatment is carried out in a short course to relieve inflammatory edema and nerve compression.
- Vitamin preparations are aimed at antioxidant protection of cartilage tissue, damaged nerves, brain cells.For this, A, E, with vitamins they are needed.Group B is needed to improve the condition of peripheral nerves.They will use the alternation of vitamin B6 and B12 every two days.The intake of groups of group vitamins in a short course is effectively affected.
- Yes, cervical osteochondrosis of the ointment for treatment has worsened, helps eliminate pain, has a heating effect and improve blood flow.It applies to a very small amount using a special massage to the defeat area.
Non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs have a small local analgesic effect.Unlike tablets, they can be used for longer.
>Physiotherapy
This method is used as an addition to the main treatment method.Physiotherapy acts selectively in the affected area, relieves pain, edema and inflammation, improves microcirculation and local immunity.
The following methods are applicable:
- Electrotherapy produces a local heating effect, due to which it improves blood circulation, swelling is eliminated.But this method is contraindicated for those who have pacemakers and metal implants.
- Magnetic induction fields act for about 20 minutes on the pathological approach, relieve pain and inflammation.
- Laser therapy activates bioelectric processes in nerve tissues, improves its regeneration.The procedure is carried out on the ground of the inflamed roots of the spinal cord, no more than 2 minutes per area.
- Balneo treatment: the use of therapeutic mud, mineral waters, ozokerita.It is carried out during the exacerbation and remission period to prevent and consolidate the effect of treatment.
Medical Physical Education
This method cannot be used in the acute period of the disease and exercising, overcoming pain.All of them occur without problems, without masturbating.You cannot throw your head back and make circular movements.If there is a hernia of the intervertebral disc, then the consultation of a neurologist or neurosurgeon is required.
A set of exercises for the osteochondrosis of the cervical column:
- Heating.In 2-3 minutes, walk through the place with a complete foot, in socks, on the heels (how to treat a heel spur).
- Be straight, gradually strain your fists, arms, shoulders, keep for half a minute, relax and chat with your hands.
- Carefully perform the inclinations of the head towards the left and right shoulder, remain in each position for 10 seconds.
- In a position sitting or strictly stopped by the shoulders, then, as if smoothing, go down a little back.
- Standing or sitting slowly down the head down and touches the chin of the chest.Slowly take the initial position.
- Extend your arms to the sides, tighten your fists.Make rotations with brushes 4 times in each direction.
- Get up, extend your hands on the sides.Make a rotation movement in the elbows alternately forward and backward.
- Similarly, the circular movement is performed in the shoulder joint.
- Relaxation: Lift your hands and leave them freely, relaxing as much as possible.
Massage
An experienced dough teacher will tell you how to treat the osteochondrosis of the cervical column in the home using massages and selfhallation.
The basic principles can be called the following:
- All actions are carried out by fingers;
- You need to move from the column to the periphery;
- You cannot apply force, only slight mass actions;
- All movements work gently, without hurry.
Usually, use rub, knead, stroke the neck.
Surgical treatment
It is used to reduce the spinal channel of a hernia, which is accompanied by compression of the vessels and nerves of the spine.
The indication is also the instability of the cervical column.The presence of a hernia is not an indication of the operation.
In this case, they come from the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment, the patient's condition, the severity of the symptoms of osteochondrosis.Eliminating a hernia is carried out using a scalpel or in a more modern way, using a laser.
But often after surgical treatment, disease symptoms are eliminated for a while and then resume.
Prevention
In order not to ask how to cure the osteochondrosis of the cervical region in the home, it is necessary to prevent the disease.In the first place is the correction of the posture.The people create an additional load in the cervical vertebrae, causes an inflammatory reaction
A long -term forced position with an arched head should also be avoided when there is a high load in this department.
If you have to be in an awkward position for a long time, you must periodically perform neck exercises.You must also choose the right to sleep pillow.